January 26th, 2006, 2:39 am
Econometric methods tend to be either Time series models (under ARIMA, Cointegaration method) or Cross Sectional (Latent variable, Logit...regression method).You are either studying a variable across time or you are studying a person/country/? behaviour across several variables.Panel methods allow you to study both time series and cross sectional albeit controlling for certain factors. The most common applictaion of the panel method is in controlling for the fixed effects or random effects. Say we are measuring teh determinants of economic growth across countries. We have GDP, int.rates, M2 growth, etc, across 50 years. The fixed effects and random effects models are aimed to capture the country specific effects via a a fixed/random effects coeffcient, so you can distinctly seperate the country specific idiosyncracies. I'm a bit rusty but if I recall, part of the purpose of teh random effects was to capture within group and between group variation.