April 24th, 2012, 10:32 pm
I think you need to take into account the variance risk premium via the skew. Heuristically I believe that most variance swaps are priced off the the 90% put, not the ATM which implies that the expectations of realized variance/vol are not reflected in the ATM. I believe a variance swap is a purer (mathematically tractable) hedge against implied vol than a vol swap, the pricing allows for the bias. As per Longstaff, I have only read his very old work in which he relates the bias in the first moment of the implied risk neutral distribution from the option prices, i.e. Breeden Litzenberger. In his '95 paper he attributes the bias to frictions in the market place. But whether you are following Derman Kani, Carr Wu etc, the modeling for variance and vol swaps I think is fairly standard. As such, the weighting of the replicating portfolio uses the inverse of the strike squared biasing the overall towards the put skew implied vols. That's my interpretation but I am pretty sure it's close.