November 17th, 2003, 12:49 am
QuoteOriginally posted by: swapsterHow would one replicate an option with the following payoffs:I will give you $1500 today. In return, you have to guarantee to pay me in two years time whatever the square of the stock price is at that time. (ex. if Stock ABC = $80, the payoff is $6400).The current stock price is $20, r = 22.31%, and the stock price can either increase by 100% or decrease by 50% each year.No dividends.Thanks!Sorry, I misread your question, so ignore what I said before.What you have here is two-step binomial tree. Start at year one. The stock price has two possible values after one year. Choose one.To hedge the payoff, you need to set up a portfolio of x stocks and y zero coupon bonds. The bond will have a value of 1 at the payoff time so you should be able to calculate the value at all earlier times. The stock after one more year has two possible values giving your portfolio two possible values. The idea is to choose x and y to ensure that the two possible values are equal to the two possible payoffs. If you write this condition down you will get a set of linear equations which you can solve for x and y. Now you know the number of stocks and bonds you need to be holding and therefore the value of the portfolio, if the stock takes the value you chose after one year.Now repeat for the other possible value.Now you have a portfolio which must take two possible values after one year. To find its value now, and the number of stocks and bonds you need to hold now, just repeat the procedure again. The stock can take two values, the portfolio must be equal to the value you calculated for each of these possibilities. This gives a set of linear equations etc.I recommend you read something like chapter 2 of Financial Calculus by Baxter and Rennie, they explain this much better than I have and its so much easier with diagrams.